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Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.

The document concludes that managing hirsutism in PCOS involves long-term treatment guided by severity, using oral contraceptives and possibly antiandrogens, with attention to individual patient needs.

Alopecia areata seriously lowers quality of life, especially affecting self-image, mental health, and social life.

Women's hair generally gets thinner and less dense starting in their mid-thirties, with hair loss becoming more common as they age due to both genetics and environment.

Tofacitinib may help treat severe childhood alopecia areata, but risks require careful consideration.

Asian immigrant mothers in Leicestershire need better obstetric care to reduce higher perinatal mortality risks.

Children with alopecia areata should only have thyroid screening if they have Down syndrome, a history of atopy, family history of thyroid disease, or signs of thyroid problems.

Rosacea is a common skin condition mainly causing facial redness.

People with pemphigus are more likely to have conditions like hypothyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus has varied symptoms and is hard to diagnose, affecting many body parts and requiring careful clinical judgment.

AGA linked to worse COVID-19 outcomes in men.

The document covers all aspects of plastic and reconstructive surgery, from basic techniques to specific procedures for various body parts.

Patients reduced searches for dermatology issues during COVID-19, indicating a need for better telehealth services.

The BASP classification is more reliable than the Norwood-Hamilton for classifying hair loss in men and women.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune disease causing hair loss in patches, often starting before age 20, and while some cases recover on their own, treatments include topical corticosteroids, minoxidil, and promising new methods like IL-31 antibodies and 308-nm Excimer laser therapy.

Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart-related issues in transgender women and may affect heart health in transgender men.

Alopecia areata patients have varied cancer risks, with some cancers being lower and others higher.

Methotrexate can temporarily suppress certain immune responses without killing immune cells, potentially helping treat autoimmune diseases.

Alopecia areata patients, especially women with nail issues or atopic diseases, are at higher risk for other autoimmune diseases.

A man developed rare complications after nose surgery, stressing the need for better prevention.

A baby's toe was saved from serious damage by quickly removing a hair wrapped tightly around it.

Certain hair straighteners and dyes may increase ovarian cancer risk, especially in African American/Black women.

Some skin diseases and anaemia are related, and treating the skin condition can often improve the anaemia.

Most hospitalized children with skin issues were boys, with allergic skin diseases like atopic dermatitis being most common, and treatments were usually topical.

Infrared light might help treat stubborn alopecia areata.

Trichotillomania treatment is most successful with a mix of behavioral therapy, medication, and social support.

People with trichotillomania or skin picking disorder generally sleep worse than those without these conditions.

Hair loss lowers quality of life, causing embarrassment, frustration, and sexual rejection.

Vascular Surgery should become an independent discipline with its own board for a better future.