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    Glossary Free Androgens

    hormones that circulate unbound in the bloodstream

    Free androgens are a type of hormone, like testosterone, that circulate in the bloodstream without being bound to proteins. These unbound hormones are biologically active and can directly interact with cells, influencing various bodily functions such as hair growth, muscle development, and reproductive health. Elevated levels of free androgens can contribute to conditions like acne, hirsutism (excessive hair growth), and androgenic alopecia (hair loss).

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    1. Free androgen index (FAI)’s relations with oxidative stress and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome Scientific Reports · 2023 · 14 citations
    2. Vitamin B<sub>3</sub> (niacin), B<sub>6</sub>, C, and iron intake are associated with the free androgen index, especially in normoandrogenic polycystic ovary syndrome Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association · 2022 · 10 citations
    3. Free Androgen Index (FAI): Marker of Premature Androgenetic Alopecia in Men Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology · 2016 · 1 citations
    4. Salivary Inflammatory Markers and Free Androgen Index in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Cancer Research · 2026
    5. Defining hyperandrogenaemia according to the free androgen index in Chinese women: a cross-sectional study Clinical Endocrinology · 2012 · 19 citations
    6. The value of the free androgen index depends on the phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome — a single-centre experience Endokrynologia Polska · 2019 · 7 citations
    7. The Diagnostic Value of Free Androgen Index in Obese Adolescent Females with Idiopathic Hirsutism and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Journal of Academic Research in Medicine · 2021 · 5 citations
    8. EXPRESS: Free androgen index and its relation with female pattern hair loss Journal of Investigative Medicine · 2025
    9. Correlation of clinical profile and anthropometry factors with free androgen index in evaluation of polycystic ovarian syndrome Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research · 2025
    10. Reduction in the Free Androgen Index in Overweight Women After Sixty Days of a Low Glycemic Diet Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes · 2024
    11. In vivo and in vitro exposure to free fatty acids induce increased androgen production in animal models: a potential pathogenic factor of the polycystic ovary syndrome Fertility and Sterility · 2008
    12. Cell‐free transcriptomic profiles and mechanism insights in female androgenetic alopecia Clinical and Translational Medicine · 2025
    13. Estimation of serum aldosterone, free testosterone and DHEA-S and scalp androgen and aldosterone receptors in female androgenetic alopecia. Is the mystery solved? Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print) · 2013
    14. Cell-free fat extract restores hair loss: a novel therapeutic strategy for androgenetic alopecia Stem Cell Research & Therapy · 2023
    15. Positioning of low alcohol or alcohol-free minoxidil formulation for the management of androgenetic alopecia: Indian perspective International Journal of Trichology · 2023
    16. A questionnaire-based survey among Indian dermatologists regarding the management of androgenetic alopecia with a novel formulation containing alcohol-free minoxidil, procapil and finasteride International Journal of Research in Dermatology · 2025
    17. Efficacy, Tolerability, and Superiority of Propylene Glycol-Free, North American Witch-Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana)-Based Solution of 5% Minoxidil Sulfate for the Treatment of Female Androgenetic Alopecia International Journal of Trichology · 2023
    18. Corrigendum to “Ginkgolide B-loaded detachable microneedles attenuate androgenetic alopecia by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress via the Nrf2/ HO-1 pathway” [Free Radic. Biol. Med. 256, (2026), 1-14] Free Radical Biology and Medicine · 2026
    19. Generation of an integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cell line MUSIi010-A from occipital scalp fibroblasts of a male patient with androgenetic alopecia Stem Cell Research · 2019
    20. Effectiveness and safety of alcohol-free minoxidil in the management of treatment-naive patients with androgenetic alopecia International Journal of Research in Dermatology · 2024
    21. Androgens in Women – Critical Evaluation of the Methods for Their Determination in Diagnostics of Endocrine Disorders Physiological Research · 2018 · 10 citations
    22. Androgen insufficiency in women: diagnostic and therapeutic implications Human Reproduction Update · 2004 · 59 citations
    23. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Androgen Excess and PCOS Society Disease State Clinical Review: Guide to the Best Practices in the Evaluation and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Part 1 Endocrine Practice · 2015 · 343 citations
    24. 3 alpha, 17 beta-androstanediol glucuronide in plasma. A marker of androgen action in idiopathic hirsutism. 1982 · 179 citations
    25. Relationship Between Androgen Levels and Blood Pressure in Young Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Hypertension · 2007 · 166 citations
    26. Increased androgen bioavailability is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome Human Reproduction · 2009 · 119 citations
    27. Androgen Profile Through Life in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Nordic Multicenter Collaboration Study The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · 2015 · 71 citations
    28. Androgens in women Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2018 · 56 citations
    29. A Comparison of the Hormonal Profile of Early Androgenetic Alopecia in Men With the Phenotypic Equivalent of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women JAMA Dermatology · 2016 · 47 citations
    30. Androgen receptor gene CAG repeat polymorphism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome Fertility and Sterility · 2008 · 44 citations