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The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for body functions and diseases, and targeting it may treat conditions like cancer, but with safety challenges.

Colorectal cancer development involves both genetic changes and epigenetic alterations like DNA methylation and microRNA changes.

Two rare genetic diseases cause severe rickets in children due to defects in vitamin D metabolism.

Different treatments for Hidradenitis suppurativa range from antibiotics and hormonal therapies to surgery, depending on severity.

Trichoscopy is a quick and easy way to diagnose most genetic hair problems without invasive methods.

Primary cicatricial alopecia, a rare disorder causing permanent hair loss, is hard to diagnose and treat, with treatments like anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids offering varied results and no guaranteed cure. Psychological support for patients is important, and future research should aim to identify causes of the condition.

Significant progress was made in understanding PXE, but effective treatments are still needed.

Stem cells, especially from fat tissue and Wharton's jelly, can potentially regenerate hair follicles and treat hair loss, but more research is needed to perfect the treatment.

Melanoma's complexity requires personalized treatments due to key genetic mutations and tumor-initiating cells.

Odontogenic keratocysts are caused by abnormal Hedgehog signaling and can lead to tooth and bone issues.

Changes in the SREBF1 gene cause a rare genetic skin and hair disorder.

Sarcoidosis is more common and severe in Black patients than in Caucasians, requiring early diagnosis and treatment.

Early detection of specific skin lesions can help identify Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome and prevent serious complications.

Alopecia areata is an incurable autoimmune condition causing hair loss, with research aiming for better treatments.

Notch signaling disruptions can cause various skin diseases.

Studying premature aging syndromes helps understand human aging and suggests potential treatments.

PCOS affects fertility and is linked to obesity and menstrual irregularities; lifestyle changes are recommended for treatment.

EGCG may help treat alopecia areata by blocking certain immune responses and reducing specific harmful immune cells.

Genetic defects in the glucocorticoid receptor gene can cause conditions with abnormal sensitivity to stress hormones, and other factors may also affect this sensitivity.

The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Men with hormonal imbalances similar to PCOS may have increased risk of metabolic and heart diseases.

Pemetrexed is as effective as docetaxel but has fewer side effects for treating nonsmall-cell lung cancer after EGFR-TKI therapy failure.

Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.

Alopecia mucinosa can be treated successfully with minocycline.

Men with vertex baldness may have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer, but more research is needed to confirm this.

The UD-PrOZA program successfully diagnosed 18% of adult patients with rare diseases, often using genetic testing.

Tiger cubs fed artificial milk lacking certain amino acids developed eye problems and hair loss.

New genetic mutations linked to rare skin disorders were found in three newborns.

Botulinum toxin is effective for various skin conditions, but more research and awareness of side effects are needed.

Our microbiome may affect the development of the hair loss condition Alopecia Areata, but more research is needed to understand this relationship.