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    Glossary Cysteine

    amino acid crucial for protein structure and hair strength

    Cysteine is an amino acid that plays a crucial role in the structure and function of proteins, including those in hair. It contains a sulfur atom, which allows it to form strong disulfide bonds, contributing to the strength and stability of hair keratin. This makes cysteine important for maintaining healthy hair and can be a focus in treatments for conditions like alopecia.

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    1. Characterisation of an Ovine Keratin Associated Protein (KAP) Gene, Which Would Produce a Protein Rich in Glycine and Tyrosine, but Lacking in Cysteine Genes · 2019 · 24 citations
    2. Cysteine and Glutamine level in hair shaft fractures patients International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences · 2024 · 1 citations
    3. Structure and expression of genes for a class of cysteine-rich proteins of the cuticle layers of differentiating wool and hair follicles. 1990 · 67 citations
    4. Chemoprevention of smoke-induced alopecia in mice by oral administration of l-cystine and vitamin B6 Journal of dermatological science · 2007 · 41 citations
    5. Cysteine Prevents the Reduction in Keratin Synthesis Induced by Iron Deficiency in Human Keratinocytes Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · 2015 · 40 citations
    6. Ultrastructural Localization of S100A3, a Cysteine-rich, Calcium Binding Protein, in Human Scalp Hair Shafts Revealed by Rapid-freezing Immunocytochemistry Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · 1999 · 40 citations
    7. Gene Expression of Mouse S100A3, a Cysteine-Rich Calcium-Binding Protein, in Developing Hair Follicle 1998 · 40 citations
    8. Convergent Evolution of Cysteine-Rich Keratins in Hard Skin Appendages of Terrestrial Vertebrates Molecular biology and evolution · 2019 · 36 citations
    9. Protein disulphide isomerase-mediated grafting of cysteine-containing peptides onto over-bleached hair Biocatalysis and biotransformation · 2011 · 28 citations
    10. Adenosine stimulates growth of dermal papilla and lengthens the anagen phase by increasing the cysteine level via fibroblast growth factors 2 and 7 in an organ culture of mouse vibrissae hair follicles International Journal of Molecular Medicine · 2011 · 28 citations
    11. Characterization of a gene encoding a cysteine-rich keratin associated protein synthesized late in rabbit hair follicle differentiation Differentiation · 1995 · 26 citations
    12. Isolation and characterization of genomic clones of human sequences presumably coding for hair cysteine-rich proteins Journal of Dermatological Science · 1997 · 11 citations
    13. Cystine-thiamin-containing hair-growth formulation modulates the response to UV radiation in an in vitro model for growth-limiting conditions of human keratinocytes Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B-biology · 2018 · 9 citations
    14. Application of XANES profiles to X-ray spectromicroscopy for biomedical specimens: Part II. Mapping oxidation state of cysteine in human hair Journal of X-ray science and technology · 2011 · 9 citations
    15. Characterization of transport systems for cysteine, lysine, alanine, and leucine in wool follicles of sheep 2007 · 9 citations
    16. Determination of Cystine and Cysteine in Altered Human Hair Fibers Analytical Chemistry · 1947 · 9 citations
    17. The Influence of Electrode Potentials on the Extent of Reduction of Cystine in Hair Fibers by Reducing Agents Textile Research Journal · 1955 · 4 citations
    18. Dissecting hair breakage in alopecia areata: the central role of dysregulated cysteine homeostasis Amino Acids · 2024 · 3 citations
    19. A prospective real-world study evaluating serum levels of arginine and cysteine in women with chronic telogen effluvium: do we really need blanket prescription of amino acid supplementation? Clinical and Experimental Dermatology · 2022 · 1 citations
    20. Isolation and characterization of a sheep cysteine-rich cuticle keratin pseudogene DNA sequence · 1992 · 1 citations
    21. Repeatable Perming via Thiol–Michael Click Reaction: Using Amide Derived from Maleic Acid and Cystine Molecules · 2026
    22. Efficacy of Oral Supplementation with Serenoa Repens, Pumpkin Seed Extract and Cysteine Combined with Topical Minoxidil 5% Vs Topical Minoxidil 5% Alone in Androgenic Alopecia A Randomised Assessor-Blinded 6-Month, Superiority Trial Clinical & Experimental Dermatology and Therapies · 2025
    23. Reconnection of cysteine in reduced hair with alkylene dimaleates via thiol‐Michael click chemistry International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2024
    24. Comment on 'A prospective real world study evaluating serum levels of arginine and cysteine in females with chronic telogen effluvium: do we really need blanket prescription with amino acid supplementation?' Clinical and Experimental Dermatology · 2022
    25. Analysis of Cysteine on the Surface of Hair Fibers with Spectrofluorescence Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory · 2008
    26. Cysteine contents of purified human hair low-sulfur protein components Journal of Dermatological Science · 1990
    27. [Low dosage retinol and L-cystine combination improve alopecia of the diffuse type following long-term oral administration]. PubMed · 1989 · 16 citations
    28. Xenobiotics in Vitro: The Influence ofL-Cystine, Pantothenat, and Miliacin on Metabolic and Proliferative Capacity of Keratinocytes Cutaneous and ocular toxicology · 2006 · 9 citations
    29. Utilization of L-Cystine and L- and D-Methionine by Mink during the Period of Intensive Hair Growth Acta agriculturae Scandinavica · 1982 · 7 citations
    30. Evaluation of a Combination of Cystine, B Vitamins and Minerals, in the Management of Diffuse Hair Loss in Women: A Prospective, Open-Label Study Preprints.org · 2026