321 citations
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January 2012 in “Cell stem cell” This study identified TGF-β2 as a crucial signal in hair follicle stem cell regeneration, highlighting its role in counteracting BMP signaling to promote tissue regeneration.
71 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of molecular cell biology/Journal of Molecular Cell Biology” This study found that mTOR signaling plays a crucial role in activating hair follicle stem cells by balancing BMP-mediated repression, essential for hair regeneration.
19 citations
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September 2019 in “PLOS genetics” This study found that telomere shortening disrupts BMP/pSmad/P63 signaling, leading to skin atrophy via Follistatin up-regulation, and suggests potential therapeutic targets.
1 citations
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September 2023 in “eLife” This study found that TLR2 expression in hair follicle stem cells is crucial for hair follicle maintenance and regeneration, with TLR2-dependent activation potentially offering new therapeutic approaches for hair loss prevention through mechanisms involving immune pathways and CEP administration.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that BMP signaling is involved in regulating melanogenesis, pigment transfer, and melanocyte migration, contributing to our understanding of skin pigmentation mechanisms.
May 2013 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” This review discusses the role of BMP/Wnt signaling in regulating stem cell homeostasis and activation but reports no new experimental findings.
1 citations
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April 2023 in “Animals” In this study, Min pigs were found to have unique characteristics for secondary hair growth compared to Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs, with the Wnt and BMP signaling pathways stimulating follicle stem cell activity and promoting secondary hair growth and gene expression.
165 citations
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December 2004 in “Differentiation” This review discusses the critical role of BMP signaling in the development and regulation of skin and hair follicles and notes that further research could aid therapeutic advances; it presents no new clinical results.
84 citations
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October 2014 in “PLoS Genetics” This study found that epidermal Wnt production is crucial for forming the skin's spinous layer through a BMP-FGF signaling cascade, although Wnt from basal cells is not needed for their differentiation.
28 citations
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November 2018 in “Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine” This review discusses the role of the CXXC5 protein as a transcription factor and signaling coordinator, noting its involvement in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and diseases such as tumorigenesis, but reports no new experimental findings.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Skin-associated cartilage cells can influence hair growth by altering specific signaling pathways.
October 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that collagen peptides from Mozambique tilapia significantly promoted hair regrowth and increased the proliferation of hair growth factors in vitro and in vivo, suggesting potential as supplements for hair loss prevention.
305 citations
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December 2000 in “The EMBO Journal” Inhibiting Bmp signaling disrupts hair growth and differentiation.
176 citations
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January 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” This study reveals an antagonistic competition between BMP and Wnt signaling within stem cells, influencing their fate towards hair germ characteristics based on the BMP/Wnt activity ratio.
70 citations
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December 2004 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” This study found that BMP signaling influences hair pigmentation in mice by affecting the Agouti protein and interacts with MC-1R pathways to modulate melanin production.
1 citations
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July 2025 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology” Photobiomodulation helps protect hair follicle cells from damage caused by DHT.
September 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that deleting all three Tet genes in mice led to shorter hair shafts and altered hair types, with associated changes in gene expression and DNA hydroxymethylation.
This study found that TLR2 and its ligand CEP are crucial for maintaining hair follicle health and stimulating hair growth, with deficiencies observed in aging and obesity potentially reducing regeneration.
This study found that TLR2 in hair follicle stem cells is crucial for maintaining hair health and regeneration, and its decrease in aging and obesity may impair hair growth, suggesting that stimulation through its ligand carboxyethylpyrrole could offer new therapeutic avenues.
August 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study found that TLR2 is crucial for maintaining hair follicle health and regeneration, and its stimulation by the metabolite CEP may promote hair growth, while decreases in TLR2 and CEP in aging and obesity may hinder hair growth.
April 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that Sox2 and BMP signaling may be key regulators of pigmentation and melanocyte migration, as suggested by experiments in mice, human biopsies, and cell co-cultures.
December 2011 in “University of Southern California Digital Library” In this study, transgenic mice with active BMPR1A signaling in the epidermis had impaired hair follicle morphogenesis and showed age-related hair loss, implicating BMP signaling in hair follicle development and homeostasis.
September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that BMPs can counteract the inhibitory effects of androgens on hair follicle stem cell differentiation, highlighting their critical role in the pathway dysregulation seen in androgenetic alopecia.
January 2009 in “Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford)” The study observed that the tumor suppressor activity of bone morphogenetic proteins in mouse skin epithelium depends on Noggin levels, inhibiting Wnt and Shh signaling pathways to prevent tumor initiation and progression.
54 citations
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January 2009 in “Development” This study concluded that Wnt/β-catenin signaling, through Shh and Bmp pathways, is crucial for determining hair follicle fate in embryonic epidermal development.
This study found that activating BMP signaling in rodent and primate models significantly promotes nail and digit regeneration after amputation by enhancing the role of specific nail stem cells, though extreme proximal amputation only permitted partial regeneration without bone reconstruction.
November 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” In this mouse study, nitrate supplementation at 10mM was observed to significantly promote hair growth by increasing hair follicle number and dermis thickness, and it may work by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling.
2 citations
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January 2025 in “Development” In this study, researchers explored ear pinna development in two rodent species and identified that BMP5 plays a crucial role in chondroblast proliferation but not in their initial specification, with implications for understanding tissue differentiation and potential impacts on reconstructive surgery.
1 citations
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December 2023 in “Animals” In this study, researchers observed that the skin quality and hair follicle development of Rex rabbits improved when slaughtered in winter compared to summer, with findings suggesting seasonal regulation via multiple signaling pathways affecting fur characteristics.
223 citations
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January 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This article reviews the complex signaling pathways between epithelial and mesenchymal cells crucial for hair follicle morphogenesis, highlighting the Wnt pathway's role as a master regulator without reporting new experimental findings.