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Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Memory T cells in the skin balance staying put and moving into the blood, clustering around hair follicles, and increasing in number after infection.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Liposomal systems show promise for delivering drugs through the skin but face challenges like high costs and stability issues.

Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.

Cathepsin L is essential for normal hair growth and development.

Aging causes skin stem cells to work less effectively.

Skin aging is due to impaired stem cell mobilization or fewer responsive stem cells.

Androgens, like testosterone, are crucial for early testicular descent in rats.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

Microneedles improve drug delivery in various body parts, are safe and painless, and show promise in cosmetology, vaccination, insulin delivery, and other medical applications.

K6hf is a unique protein found only in a specific layer of hair follicles.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Sonic hedgehog signaling is crucial for hair growth and maintaining hair follicle identity.

Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.

Stem cells in the hair follicle are regulated by their surrounding environment, which is important for hair growth.

Higher levels of unbound testosterone are linked to increased insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Human dermal fibroblasts are the main cells targeted by a virus that can cause a deadly skin cancer, and a certain inhibitor can effectively block this infection.

Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.

Silver nanoparticles coated with substances like PEG showed strong antibacterial effects and improved wound healing when used in hydrogels.

Gene therapy with the Math1 gene helped regenerate balance-related cells and improve balance in mice.

Damage to skin releases dsRNA, which activates TLR3 and helps in skin and hair follicle regeneration.

Liposomes and niosomes improve finasteride delivery for hair loss treatment.

Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Different PIN proteins affect plant root hair growth by changing how auxin is transported.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The hydrogel with a 1:3 ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose to hyaluronic acid is effective for delivering drugs through the skin to treat acne.