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Glossary5α-reductase inhibitors

block enzyme converting testosterone to hair-loss-causing DHT

5α-reductase inhibitors, also known as 5-ARIs, are medications that block the enzyme 5α-reductase. This enzyme converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone that can contribute to conditions like male pattern baldness and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). By inhibiting this enzyme, 5-ARIs can help reduce hair loss and shrink an enlarged prostate.

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research Effects of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors on erectile function, sexual desire and ejaculation

71 citations , November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety”

5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.

research 5 Alpha-reductase inhibitors: whatʼs new?

47 citations , January 2003 in “Current opinion in urology”

A new drug, dutasteride, is at least as effective as the older drug, finasteride, for treating enlarged prostate and may have additional uses.

research 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitors are associated with reduced frequency of COVID‐19 symptoms in males with androgenetic alopecia

36 citations , April 2021 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may reduce COVID-19 symptoms in bald males.

research A Review of the FAERS Data on 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors: Implications for Postfinasteride Syndrome

35 citations , October 2018 in “Urology”

The review suggests younger men taking 1 mg finasteride report more side effects, including sexual, skin, metabolic, and psychological issues.

research Side Effects of 5‐Alpha Reductase Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review

35 citations , May 2013 in “Sexual medicine reviews”

5-alpha reductase inhibitors slightly increase the risk of sexual and mood side effects, and breast growth in men.

A population‐based nested case–control study: the use of 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitors and the increased risk of osteoporosis diagnosis in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia

research A population‐based nested case–control study: the use of 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitors and the increased risk of osteoporosis diagnosis in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia

22 citations , November 2014 in “Clinical endocrinology”

Taking finasteride for benign prostate hyperplasia may increase the risk of osteoporosis, especially at higher doses.

research New Progesterone Esters as 5.ALPHA.-Reductase Inhibitors.

22 citations , January 2001 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin”

Some new progesterone derivatives are better at blocking testosterone conversion than a common drug.

research 5‐Alpha reductase inhibitors in androgenetic alopecia: Shifting paradigms, current concepts, comparative efficacy, and safety

19 citations , May 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

Dutasteride works better than finasteride for hair loss, with both being safe to use.

research The risk of dementia with the use of 5 alpha reductase inhibitors

18 citations , August 2017 in “Journal of the neurological sciences”

Using 5 alpha reductase inhibitors may increase dementia risk in the first two years.

research 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors and Combination Therapy

15 citations , August 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America”

Finasteride and dutasteride are effective for long-term treatment of enlarged prostates but have sexual side effects and a risk of high-grade prostate cancer.

research Role of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors in the management of prostate cancer

15 citations , December 2006 in “Clinical interventions in aging”

5 alpha-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may lower prostate cancer risk and improve cancer screening.

Early embryonic exposure of freshwater gastropods to pharmaceutical 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors results in a surprising open-coiled “banana-shaped” shell

research Early embryonic exposure of freshwater gastropods to pharmaceutical 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors results in a surprising open-coiled “banana-shaped” shell

13 citations , November 2019 in “Scientific reports”

Certain drugs change freshwater snail shells to a "banana" shape.

research May patients receiving 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors be in higher risk of COVID-19 complications?

12 citations , July 2020 in “Medical hypotheses”

Men on 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors might have worse COVID-19 outcomes.

Synthesis and in Vitro Evaluation of 4-Substituted N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-oxo-4-androstene-17.beta.-carboxamides as 5.alpha.-Reductase Inhibitors and Antiandrogens

research Synthesis and in Vitro Evaluation of 4-Substituted N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-oxo-4-androstene-17.beta.-carboxamides as 5.alpha.-Reductase Inhibitors and Antiandrogens

12 citations , April 1995 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry”

The new compounds moderately block a specific enzyme and strongly counteract a male hormone, suggesting potential for treating certain male-related health conditions.

research Impact of Alpha Blockers, 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors and Combination Therapy on Sexual Function

11 citations , August 2014 in “Current Urology Reports”

Medications for enlarged prostate can cause sexual side effects like reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and ejaculatory problems.

research Sexual Problems of Men With Androgenic Alopecia Treated With 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors

10 citations , April 2019 in “Sexual medicine reviews”

Men using hair loss drugs like finasteride may experience sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction, but it's unclear who will be affected and when. Treating depression and sexual symptoms is suggested, as these men often have higher rates of both. More research is needed to understand why these side effects occur.

research Receipt of 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors Before Radical Cystectomy: Do They Render High-Grade Bladder Tumors Less Aggressive?

9 citations , December 2019 in “Clinical genitourinary cancer”

Taking 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors before bladder removal surgery might make high-grade bladder tumors less aggressive.

research An Old Problem with a New Cause-5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors and Persistent Sexual Dysfunction

9 citations , July 2011 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine”

Hair loss drugs like finasteride may cause lasting sexual and mood side effects, and more research is needed to understand these risks.

research 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer: From Clinical Trials to Clinical Practice

7 citations , May 2013 in “European Urology”

5-Alpha reductase inhibitors may prevent prostate cancer but are not widely used due to concerns about trial relevance and potential risks, and more research is needed to confirm long-term benefits.

5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors Reduce Remission Time of COVID-19: Results From a Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Interventional Trial in 130 SARS-CoV-2 Positive Men

research 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors Reduce Remission Time of COVID-19: Results From a Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Interventional Trial in 130 SARS-CoV-2 Positive Men

5 citations , November 2020 in “medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

5-Alpha-Reductase inhibitors shorten COVID-19 recovery time in men.

Effects of 5‐alpha reductase inhibitors on lung function: A reason for discontinuation during<scp>COVID</scp>‐19 pandemic?

research Effects of 5‐alpha reductase inhibitors on lung function: A reason for discontinuation duringCOVID‐19 pandemic?

5 citations , May 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

5-alpha reductase inhibitors might worsen lung recovery in COVID-19 patients, suggesting a pause in their use.

research The connection of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors to the development of depression

4 citations , November 2021 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy”

5-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, may cause depression, but more research is needed to understand why.

research 5-alpha Reductase inhibitors and risk of male breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

4 citations , October 2018 in “International Braz J Urol”

Taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors does not increase the risk of breast cancer in men.

High Real-World Medication Adherence and Durable Clinical Benefit in Medicare Patients Treated with 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

research High Real-World Medication Adherence and Durable Clinical Benefit in Medicare Patients Treated with 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

3 citations , August 2020 in “The Journal of Urology”

Older patients sticking to their prostate medication saw lasting health benefits.

research The Effects of Oral 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors on Penile Intracavernosal Pressures and Penile Morphology in Rat Model.

2 citations , May 2019 in “PubMed”

Oral finasteride and dutasteride may negatively affect erectile function in rats.

research Effects of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors

2 citations , May 2018 in “Current Opinion in Urology”

5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual, neurologic, endocrine, and cardiovascular side effects, but these are rare and usually stop after ending treatment.

research Contraindicated use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in women

2 citations , September 2016 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology”

The document concludes that women should not use 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors due to the risk of birth defects and limited effectiveness.

research The role of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in active surveillance

2 citations , May 2012 in “Current opinion in urology”

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors might help slow down low-risk prostate cancer, but their use should be cautious.

research Analysis of Data From Breast Diseases Treated With 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

1 citations , October 2019 in “Clinical Breast Cancer”

Medicines for enlarged prostate may raise the risk of breast growth and tenderness but not breast cancer.

research 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

1 citations , November 2015 in “Cochrane library”

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors help treat urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate.