research S1 Opioid Receptor Agonists and Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Level: Is There a Role for Prostate Cancer Control and Chemoprevention?
Opioid use may lower PSA levels, suggesting a possible role in prostate cancer control; PSA testing is useful for detecting prostate cancer; serum triglycerides are not linked to prostate cancer risk; and higher urethral PSA levels may be associated with local hormone activity.