In this study, testosterone treatment was found to increase blood pressure in rats, potentially through mechanisms involving sodium and water retention in the kidneys and changes in specific gene expressions in the brain.
October 2013 in “Journal of the American College of Cardiology” This study found that individuals with a nondipper blood pressure pattern had significantly higher 24-hour urinary aldosterone levels than those with a dipper pattern.
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April 1972 in “PubMed” Minoxidil lowers blood pressure and spreads throughout the body in normal rats.
May 2020 in “Fertility and Sterility” In this study, nonobese normotensive women with PCOS had higher left ventricular mass index compared to healthy controls, which was linked to inflammation and insulin resistance rather than androgen excess.
April 2017 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology” This study observed that both dutasteride and finasteride affected penile morphology in normotensive and hypertensive rats, with more pronounced changes in hypertensive animals, especially when treated with dutasteride.