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GlossaryKeratin 2 (KRT2)

protein providing structural strength to skin, hair, and nails

Keratin 2 (KRT2) is a type of protein found in the outer layer of the skin, hair, and nails. It plays a crucial role in providing structural strength and resilience to these tissues, helping to protect them from damage and wear. Mutations in the KRT2 gene can lead to skin disorders such as ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens, which is characterized by blistering and scaling of the skin.

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research An Epistatic Effect of KRT25 on SP6 Is Involved in Curly Coat in Horses

13 citations, April 2018 in “Scientific Reports”

The genes KRT25 and SP6 affect curly hair in horses, with KRT25 also causing hair loss. If both genes are mutated, the horse gets curly hair and hair loss. KRT25 can hide the effect of SP6.

research Hair Greying Is Associated With Active Hair Growth

36 citations, September 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

White hair grows thicker and faster than black hair due to higher activity of growth-related genes and proteins.

research Mutations in the Helix Termination Motif of Mouse Type I IRS Keratin Genes Impair the Assembly of Keratin Intermediate Filament

27 citations, November 2007 in “Genomics”

Mutations in specific keratin genes cause improper hair structure in mice due to faulty keratin protein assembly.

research Hairless Plays a Role in Formation of Inner Root Sheath via Regulation of Dlx3 Gene

17 citations, May 2012 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Hairless protein affects hair follicle structure by regulating the Dlx3 gene.

research Complementary Evolution of Coding and Noncoding Sequence Underlies Mammalian Hairlessness

16 citations, November 2022 in “eLife”

Both gene and non-gene areas of DNA evolved to make some mammals hairless.

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