July 2020 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This review suggests that excessive facial photoprotection could play a role in frontal fibrosing alopecia through a disturbance in immunological balance via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-kynurenine pathway.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review integrates studies on mouse models and human clinical observations to highlight the role of immune cells in skin development and how their dysregulation leads to skin disorders, suggesting potential therapeutic pathways for skin regeneration.
8 citations
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July 2020 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology” This review hypothesizes that excessive facial photo-protection may contribute to frontal fibrosing alopecia by disrupting immunological homeostasis through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-kynurenine pathway, but it reports no new clinical results.
54 citations
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May 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This review discusses recent advances in scarless wound healing research, focusing on the roles of mechanobiology and immunology, and reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight the potential of next-generation human skin equivalents in understanding these mechanisms.
December 2022 in “Experimental and Clinical Physiology and Biochemistry” This study found that a lotion with 5% minoxidil significantly altered immune parameters and disrupted immunological balance in guinea pigs, suggesting a substantial impact on both cellular and humoral immunity.