November 2025 in “Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences” This study evaluated the effects of exosome therapy from hypoxia-treated mesenchymal stem cells on a fluconazole-induced alopecia model in rats and found that it significantly reduced TNF-α and increased VEGF levels, suggesting potential as a novel regenerative treatment for alopecia.
January 2026 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” In this study, Exosome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells significantly reduced inflammation and promoted hair follicle regeneration by normalizing IL-1Beta and IGF-1 levels in fluconazole-induced alopecia-like Wistar rats.
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July 2023 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that a hypoxic microenvironment enhanced the proliferation and pluripotency of adipose mesenchymal stem cells, promoting hair follicle formation and upregulating specific growth factors in Arbas Cashmere goats.
April 2024 in “Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education” In this study, secretomes from hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells were found to increase PDGF and reduce IL-1β gene expression in rats, potentially offering an effective topical treatment for alopecia caused by long-term fluconazole use.
January 2024 in “Theranostics” This study found that hypoxia-preconditioned HF-MSC-derived exosomes improved therapeutic outcomes in models of ulcerative colitis, potentially through miR-214-3p-mediated pathways affecting mitochondrial function and inflammatory responses.