research Feasibility of repairing skin defects by VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCs seeded on a 3D printed scaffold containing astragalus polysaccharide
This study observed that tissue-engineered skin, using VEGF165 gene-modified cells embedded in astragalus polysaccharide-containing 3D printed scaffolds, enhanced early vascularization, and collagen and hair follicle regeneration, leading to improved skin repair in nude mice with full skin defects.