This study indicates that CD4 protein may have a functional role in basal cell-like keratinocytes through TCR/CD3-independent signaling, affecting their proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
November 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This study found that specific immune cell phenotypes, particularly CD25 on CD4 Treg cells, were causally linked to androgenic alopecia, suggesting potential targets for immune-based therapies.
November 2025 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This study identified elevated CD25 on secreting CD4 regulatory T cells as a genetic risk factor for androgenetic alopecia, with certain plasma proteins acting as mediators in this causal relationship.
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September 2009 in “PubMed” This case report presents the first evidence of significant antigen presenting cells around hair follicles in a patient with alopecia due to active systemic lupus erythematosus.
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September 1989 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article reports that cocaine injections can lead to skin lesions containing talc crystals at the sites of injection.