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GlossaryCD39

enzyme that regulates immune responses by breaking down ATP and ADP

CD39, also known as Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (ENTPD1), is an enzyme found on the surface of certain cells, including immune cells. It plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation and immune responses by breaking down ATP and ADP, which are molecules that can signal danger or damage in the body. This helps to control the activity of immune cells and maintain tissue homeostasis.

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Alopecia Areata Patients Show Deficiency of FOXP3+CD39+ T Regulatory Cells and Clonotypic Restriction of Treg TCRβ-Chain, Highlighting the Immunopathological Aspect of the Disease

research Alopecia Areata Patients Show Deficiency of FOXP3+CD39+ T Regulatory Cells and Clonotypic Restriction of Treg TCRβ-Chain, Highlighting the Immunopathological Aspect of the Disease

30 citations, July 2019 in “PloS one”

Patients with Alopecia areata have fewer specific immune cells that normally regulate the immune system, which may contribute to the condition.

research Evaluation of CD4+, CD39+, FOXP3+ T Regulatory Cells in Iraqi Alopecia Areata Patients by ELISA

October 2022 in “Journal of pharmaceutical negative results”

People with Alopecia areata have higher levels of certain T regulatory cells in their blood.

research Tregs: Where We Are and What Comes Next?

130 citations, November 2017 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

research Study of the Composition of 140 Shampoos: Similarities and Differences Depending on the Sales Channel Used

2 citations, March 2019 in “European Journal of Dermatology”

Pharmacy-sold shampoos tend to have fewer allergens compared to those sold in other stores.

research The Impact of Excessive Sugar Consumption on Skin Health: Analysis of Biological Mechanisms and Dermatological Effects

December 2024 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport”

Too much sugar harms skin, causing wrinkles and acne, but a low-sugar diet can help.

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