research Anti-Aging, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytoprotective Properties of Lactobacillus- and Kombucha-Fermented C. pepo L. Peel and Pulp Extracts with Prototype Skin Toner Development
This study concluded that extracts from fermented pumpkin peel and pulp, processed with Lactobacillus strains and kombucha, may serve as multifunctional cosmetic ingredients, offering antioxidant protection, anti-aging, and skin regeneration benefits by demonstrating cytoprotective effects and reducing inflammatory cytokines in cell assays.


