August 1994 in “Molecular Endocrinology” This study found that AtT-20 pituitary cells with higher cAMP-dependent kinase activity had larger calcium currents and significantly increased beta-endorphin release compared to cells with lower kinase activity.
108 citations
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July 2009 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses the role of leptin in skin biology and pathology, highlighting its potential in enhancing skin regeneration, hair cycle progression, and wound healing, but reports no new clinical results.
August 2023 in “Medical Hypotheses” In this review, researchers discussed the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of metformin and hypothesized that its topical application could benefit those with alopecia areata, given its effects on immune pathways, hair regrowth, and autoimmune disease management.
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March 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Metabolic issues may trigger lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia, and treatments targeting these issues could help.
December 2023 in “Journal of ethnopharmacology” This study found that tribuloside, a flavonoid from Tribulus terrestris L., enhances melanin production in human melanocytes, zebrafish, and human skin samples without causing toxicity, potentially through inhibiting PDE to increase cAMP levels and promote the melanin biosynthesis pathway.