3 citations
,
June 2019 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” In this study, tresses treated with pH 1.0 acid straightener showed better straightening but more damage to hair properties compared to those treated with pH 2.0.
April 2019 in “Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo)” This study found that the acidic hair straightening formulation at pH 1.0 improved hair alignments and straightening effectiveness more than pH 2.0, but it weakened fiber strength and affected hair color and composition.
1 citations
,
January 2026 in “Kidney International” November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” This study found that glyoxylic acid caused more protein loss in hair compared to traditional alkaline straighteners, though both types of treatments showed comparable effects on hair tensile strength.
1 citations
,
June 2021 in “Preprints.org” This study demonstrated that hair relaxers containing common chemicals significantly reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in human skin cells, suggesting potential toxicity that could be assessed with advanced in vitro technologies rather than animal testing.