Loss of the Y Chromosome: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms, Age Inference, and Implications for Men's Health

The review examines the mosaic loss of the Y chromosome (mLOY) in men, linking it to health issues such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's, and kidney disease. It explores potential molecular mechanisms, including chromosomal segregation errors and the role of proteins like CENP-A and CENP-C. Environmental factors, smoking, and genetic predispositions contribute to mLOY, which is prevalent in certain cell types and associated with increased disease risk and mortality. The review suggests mLOY as a potential biomarker for age-related diseases and emphasizes the need for further research to understand its implications and improve therapeutic strategies.