Novel Synthetic Steroid Derivatives: Target Prediction and Biological Evaluation of Antiandrogenic Activity

The study explores novel synthetic steroid derivatives derived from 16-dehydropregnenolone acetate for their antiandrogenic activity and potential neuroprotective effects. These derivatives, particularly those with an electrophilic center, efficiently interact with the 5α-reductase enzyme, suggesting neuroprotection in hypoglycemic conditions. The compounds were synthesized with yields of 30%-80% and showed good inhibition of the 5α-reductase enzyme, indicating promise for future hormonal therapies, especially in glucose disorder contexts. The research also highlights the potential of these steroids in treating androgen-dependent conditions like prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia, as well as their role in reducing COVID-19 severity. A meta-analysis of 21 studies with 9,922 patients showed a significant reduction in mortality among those receiving steroids. The study involved 20 male Wistar rats and assessed various biomarkers, demonstrating significant 5α-reductase inhibitory activity compared to the spironolactone control group. Further research is necessary to optimize their use in clinical settings and explore their potential in mitigating severe COVID-19 outcomes.