The Use of Stem Cells in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

In 2014, a review focused on the use of adult stem cells, specifically bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), in plastic and reconstructive surgery. These cells were used in in vitro experiments, animal models, and clinical trials, particularly for treating compound tissue loss and chronic wounds due to their paracrine, proangiogenic, and osteogenic functions. However, their use was not widespread due to high harvesting and culturing costs and limited safety data for human use. The review suggested that future advancements in stem cell research and cost reductions could make stem cells a viable alternative to traditional surgical procedures.