Morphometric Analysis of Skin in Different Body Regions of Young and Adult Red Sindhi Cattle Bos Indicus

The study conducted a histological and micrometrical analysis of the skin in different body regions of young and adult Red Sindhi cattle (Bos indicus). It found that the epidermis thickness ranged from 41.1 to 50.13 µm, and the dermis thickness ranged from 443.97 to 597.05 µm across all body regions, with significant differences based on age and sex. The epidermis was composed of stratified squamous epithelium with keratinocytes as the main cells, and the dermis contained dense irregular connective tissue. In adults, skin appendages like sebaceous and sweat glands, and hair follicles were well developed and distributed in both the papillary and reticular layers, while in young cattle, they were mainly observed in the papillary dermal layer. Sweat glands were baggy-tubular shaped, with higher volumes in the dewlap and thigh regions of adults, whereas the number of sweat glands per cm² was higher in the abdomen of young cattle compared to adults.