Changes in the Level of Sex Hormones With Aging and Their Influence on the Voice

The study examines how aging-related changes in sex hormone levels affect voice quality, focusing on puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. In males, increased testosterone during puberty significantly deepens the voice, while females experience less drastic changes. Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can cause vocal fatigue and hoarseness, and menopause leads to notable changes like vocal fold edema and muscle atrophy. Hormone replacement therapy can mitigate some menopausal voice changes but may also alter voice characteristics. The study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to address voice changes related to endocrine disorders.