Revisiting Rosacea Through the Skin–Gut–Brain Axis: A Neuroimmune Perspective

This review reexamines rosacea as a neuroimmune disorder influenced by the skin–gut–brain axis, highlighting the role of central neural mechanisms, stress, and autonomic dysfunction in its pathophysiology. It emphasizes the importance of gut microbiota, neuroimmune signaling, and stress-related pathways in shaping disease expression and symptom perception. The review suggests that rosacea involves altered central processing of sensory and stress-related signals, advocating for a comprehensive treatment approach that includes gastrointestinal and neuroimmune factors alongside traditional therapies. This perspective encourages multidisciplinary management and highlights the potential for stress-reduction and gut-directed interventions to improve outcomes in selected patients.