Predicting Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in Bangladesh Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Development of a Hospital-Based Predictive Model

November 2025

Anup Talukder, Tahmina Akter Tithi, Abdul Muyeed, Md. Shahriar Hossain, Mohammed Nahid

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome PCOS biochemical indicators reproductive health

Studysummary This study evaluated machine-learning models to predict PCOS among reproductive-aged women in Bangladesh, finding that the XGBoost model achieved high accuracy (99.63%) and effectiveness, particularly when prioritizing clinical features over psychological ones in the predictive process.

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The study developed a predictive model for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) among 212 reproductive-aged women in Bangladesh using machine learning (ML) algorithms. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model showed the highest predictive performance with an accuracy of 99.63%, sensitivity of 99.45%, and specificity of 99.81%. The study found that clinical features were more predictive than psychological aspects. The results suggest that ML frameworks can significantly improve PCOS prediction in resource-limited settings, and future research should incorporate biochemical indicators for broader application in women's reproductive health.

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Research cited in this study

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research A Machine Learning Approach for Non-Invasive PCOS Diagnosis from Ultrasound and Clinical Features

6 citations , September 2025 in “Scientific Reports”

This study found that using XGBoost with clinical and ultrasound features may provide a highly accurate, non-invasive method for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome, although further validation is needed to ensure robustness.

research Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Associated Factors in a Quaternary Hospital in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study

13 citations , November 2024 in “BMC Psychiatry”

This study found that women with PCOS have a high prevalence of depression and anxiety, with poor mental well-being linked to both conditions, suggesting the need for mental health screening in these patients.

research Prevalence, Phenotypes, and Comorbidities of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Indian Women

37 citations , October 2024 in “JAMA Network Open”

This study found that among reproductive-age women across India, there was a high prevalence of PCOS, with phenotype C being predominant and most women exhibiting metabolic abnormalities, highlighting the importance of integrating PCOS management into national health strategies.

research Prevalence and Accurate Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents Across World Regions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

40 citations , September 2024 in “European Journal of Endocrinology”

This study found that global PCOS prevalence in adolescents is 6.3% under new 2023 guideline criteria, compared to 9.8% using Rotterdam criteria; excluding PCOM may prevent over-diagnosis, while recognizing irregular cycles or hyperandrogenism helps avoid under-diagnosis by identifying at-risk individuals for further monitoring.

Recommendations From The 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline For The Assessment And Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

research Recommendations From The 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline For The Assessment And Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

6 citations , August 2023 in “European journal of endocrinology”

This review discusses the 2023 International Guideline for PCOS assessment and management, highlighting updated evidence-based recommendations and practice points aimed at improving care and health outcomes, but notes that research quality remains generally low to moderate.

research Current Guidelines for Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

254 citations , March 2023 in “Diagnostics”

This manuscript reviews current diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing the need for accurate diagnosis in both clinical and research settings, but it does not provide new clinical findings.

research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics

380 citations , February 2023 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine”

This review discusses various potential risk factors and possible therapeutic interventions for polycystic ovary syndrome, including the modulation of gut microbiota, but reports no new findings.

research Insulin Resistance and Elevated Androgen Levels: A Major Cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

36 citations , October 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology”

This study highlights the importance of understanding the roles of hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance in the development and progression of PCOS, emphasizing further research to clarify their mutual influence.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women Attending the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

research Prevalence and Characteristics of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women Attending the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

1 citations , February 2021 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology”

This study found a 6.11% prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome among gynecology out-patients, noting that obese women with PCOS had more severe ovulatory dysfunction.