P-Phenylenediamine-Induced Angioedema-Like Facies: A Case Report and Review of Pathomechanisms

    March 2026 in “ Indian Dermatology Online Journal ”
    Shankar Bharathi Ashwini, Vijayendra Alok, Chitwan Kaur Ghuman, Garehatty Rudrappa Kanthraj
    TLDR Hair dye ingredient PPD can cause severe allergic reactions, including facial swelling.
    This case report discusses a 40-year-old woman who developed angioedema-like facies and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) after using a hair dye containing para-phenylenediamine (PPD). The patient experienced facial swelling and erythematous, pruritic lesions, which were treated successfully with oral methylprednisolone and topical corticosteroids. Patch testing confirmed sensitivity to PPD, and elevated serum IgE and eosinophil counts suggested an IgE-mediated component. The report highlights the dual pathways (T-cell and IgE-mediated) involved in PPD reactions and emphasizes the importance of early detection and public awareness to prevent severe allergic reactions.
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