Phenytoin or Spironolactone Intervention Counteracts 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Alopecia in Rats by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation While Promoting Collagen Synthesis

November 2025 in “ Preprints.org ”

Olakunle Onaolapo, Anthony Olofinnade, Adejoke Onaolapo, Jesulayomi Ogundiran

phenytoin spironolactone 5-fluorouracil alopecia oxidative stress inflammation collagen synthesis chemotherapy-induced hair loss hair regrowth follicular health Dilantin Aldactone 5-FU hair loss hair growth

TLDR Phenytoin and spironolactone help prevent hair loss from chemotherapy by reducing stress and inflammation.

This study explored the effects of phenytoin and spironolactone on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)–induced alopecia in rats, a model for chemotherapy-induced hair loss. Both treatments significantly counteracted the negative effects of 5-FU, such as weight loss, reduced appetite, and hair loss, by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Phenytoin and spironolactone improved hair regrowth and restored follicular health, with spironolactone showing a more pronounced effect on hair regrowth and collagen organization. These findings indicate that phenytoin and spironolactone could be effective in mitigating chemotherapy-induced alopecia and improving recovery and quality of life post-treatment.

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