Male Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review of Current Treatments

February 2026 in “ Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) ”

Gabriela Makowska, Paweł Brosz, Filip Inglot, Oliwia Łętocha, Tomasz Biedulski, Aleksandra Wolny, Barbara Bałajewicz, Wojciech Banyś, Antonina Woźnicka, Nadia Hornig

male androgenetic alopecia follicular miniaturization hair-cycle dynamics trichoscopy topical minoxidil oral finasteride platelet-rich plasma low-level laser therapy microneedling exosomes nutraceuticals hair transplantation MAA Rogaine Propecia PRP LLLT

TLDR Current treatments can slow hair loss and promote regrowth, with hair transplantation being most effective for advanced cases.

Male androgenetic alopecia (MAA) is a genetic and androgen-influenced hair loss disorder characterized by follicular miniaturization and altered hair-cycle dynamics. The prevalence of MAA increases with age and varies by ethnicity. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with support from trichoscopy and imaging. Current FDA-approved treatments, such as topical minoxidil and oral finasteride, can slow hair loss and promote partial regrowth. Emerging therapies, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), microneedling, exosomes, and nutraceuticals, show promising results. Combining pharmacologic and procedural interventions can enhance treatment outcomes without increasing adverse effects. Hair transplantation remains the most effective solution for advanced MAA cases.

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