Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Current Therapeutic Approach

The document reviewed the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). It highlighted the role of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors in IBD development, with 163 genes identified as associated with the disease. Diagnosis relied on endoscopic procedures and imaging, with advanced technologies improving accuracy. Treatment included drugs targeting the TNF pathway, aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and biologics, with novel therapies like fecal microbiota transplantation showing promise. The review emphasized the complexity of IBD treatment and the need for personalized approaches due to varying patient responses and potential side effects.