Co-Option of Hair Follicle Keratins into Amelogenesis Is Associated with the Evolution of Prismatic Enamel: A Hypothesis

    October 2017 in “ Frontiers in Physiology ”
    Elia Beniash
    TLDR Hair follicle keratin may have been used in tooth enamel evolution.
    The document proposed a hypothesis that hair follicle keratins, particularly Keratin 75 (KRT75), were co-opted into amelogenesis, aiding the evolution of prismatic enamel in mammals. KRT75 was found in ameloblasts and the mature enamel matrix, with mutations linked to altered enamel structure and increased caries risk. The study addressed the evolutionary mystery of KRT75's presence in teeth, despite its primary expression in hair follicles, suggesting its integration into enamel formation during the evolution of Tomes' process. The exact role of KRT75 in enamel was unclear, prompting further research into this hypothesis.
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