Diguanoside Tetraphosphate (Gp₄G) Is an Epithelial Cell and Hair Growth Regulator.

The study investigated the effects of diguanoside tetraphosphate (Gp₄G) on skin tissues and hair growth, revealing that Gp₄G, formulated as a liposomic solution of Artemia salina extract, led to a 50% increase in hair length and a 30% increase in papilla cell numbers by altering the telogen/anagen phases of hair follicles. Additionally, Gp₄G enhanced skin blood vessel formation and fibroblast activation, which modified collagen arrangement in dermal tissues. Immunohistochemical staining showed a 68% increase in versican deposition in treated animals. In vitro studies with Hela and fibroblast cells demonstrated that Gp₄G increased cell viability and intracellular ATP concentration by 38%, along with other nucleotide concentrations, suggesting that these changes in nucleotide equilibrium could explain the observed cell and tissue activations.