Gene Editing Technologies in Aesthetic Dermatology: Mechanisms, Emerging Applications, and Patient Safety Paradigms

Gene editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas systems, show transformative potential in aesthetic dermatology for applications such as skin rejuvenation, pigmentation disorder treatment, hair restoration, and scar revision. These technologies, including CRISPR-Cas9, base editing, prime editing, ZFNs, and TALENs, offer high precision in targeting genes. Safety strategies focus on minimizing off-target effects, immunogenicity, and genomic instability, while ethical debates and evolving regulatory frameworks address the balance between therapy and enhancement. Despite their promise, challenges in delivery efficiency, long-term safety, and ethical considerations require rigorous research and regulatory oversight for responsible clinical use.