Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia in Men: A Review of the Literature

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) in men is increasingly recognized but often misdiagnosed as androgenetic alopecia or alopecia areata. It typically presents at a younger age than in women, with features like frontal and temporal hairline recession, beard and sideburn involvement, and high prevalence of eyebrow alopecia. The condition is believed to have an autoimmune basis influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as the use of facial sunscreens. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, supported by trichoscopy and biopsy. Treatment focuses on disease stabilization using oral 5-ARi, topical corticosteroids, and calcineurin inhibitors, with surgical options being controversial. The review highlights the need for further studies to refine diagnostic criteria and treatment efficacy for FFA in men.