Potential Mechanisms of Exercise in Maintaining Skin Homeostasis Disrupted by Protein Deficiency

Protein deficiency can disrupt skin homeostasis by thinning the epidermis and reducing collagen production in the dermis. This review explores how exercise may counteract these effects by promoting skin regeneration and maintaining homeostasis. Exercise influences skin health by enhancing blood flow, increasing angiogenesis, and stimulating vasodilation, which are crucial for collagen synthesis. It also promotes the expression of genes and cytokines involved in skin tissue regeneration, such as PPAR-γ coactivator-1α, transforming growth factor-β1, and sirtuin-6, while inhibiting C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10. Additionally, exercise has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that support skin regeneration and healing.