Dermatophytosis in Companion Animals: A Review

The review discussed dermatophytosis, a zoonotic disease caused by fungi from the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton, which resulted in localized alopecia, erythema, and crust in companion animals, commonly referred to as ringworm. It examined factors influencing the infection, including the species of dermatophyte, virulence factors, and the host's immune status, age, and sex. The study highlighted the significant roles of cortisol and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the infection process. The review aimed to enhance understanding of the prevalence, clinical signs, pathogenesis, and immune response in companion animals affected by dermatophyte infections.