Clinical Toxicity of Retinoids

Oral retinoids can cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, including birth defects, and require careful monitoring and contraception.

This article reviews the use of retinoids, such as tretinoin, isotretinoin, and etretinate, in dermatological treatments, highlighting their efficacy and side effects, but presents no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the effectiveness and risks of acitretin in treating various skin conditions, highlighting its teratogenic potential and the necessary precautions for its use.

This study found that 4-(ethoxycarbophenyl) retinamide (RI) exhibited significantly lower acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity compared to other retinoids in mouse and rat models.

This review synthesizes information on isotretinoin’s systemic toxicity, emphasizing that its adverse effects, including mucocutaneous, hepatic, and musculoskeletal reactions, primarily reflect its pharmacodynamic actions and are generally manageable with individualized dosing and monitoring, though its teratogenicity remains a significant safety concern.