The Clinical Patterns of Vitiligo: Hospital-Based Study in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

In a retrospective review of 135 medical records from Hera Hospital in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, researchers found that the majority of vitiligo patients were female (67.4%) with a mean age of 24.5 years. A positive family history of vitiligo was present in 25% of patients, and there were associations with thyroid disorders (12.6%), diabetes mellitus (9.6%), atopic dermatitis (8.9%), leukotrichia (3.7%), and alopecia areata (2.2%). The most common type of vitiligo was localized (60%), followed by generalized (37%), acrofacial (9.6%), and universal (1.5%). The face was the most frequent initial site of lesions, while the lower limb was the most common at diagnosis. Topical tacrolimus was the most used treatment for localized vitiligo (34.8%), and narrow band ultraviolet B was often prescribed for generalized vitiligo (14%). The study highlighted a significant female predominance, a common family history of the condition, and a frequent association with thyroid disorders.