Deep Analysis of CD4+ Trm Cells in Normal and Atopic Dermatitis Human Skin

The study conducted a deep analysis of CD4+ tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells in normal and atopic dermatitis (AD) skin, identifying six distinct clusters, with three being AD-specific. These AD-specific clusters exhibited unique cytokine, co-signaling, migratory, and survival profiles. Cluster 1 (CL1) was notable for producing IL-13 and IL-16, having a central memory T-like migratory profile, and co-stimulatory features. Cluster 3 (CL3) co-expressed IL-22, IL-26, and other receptors, while Cluster 5 (CL5) was characterized by high IL2RA expression, a Tcm-like migratory capacity, and a mixed co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory profile. These findings suggest that these Tcm-like Trm populations could serve as potential therapeutic targets for AD.