Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in Patients With Refractory Alopecia Areata

September 2022 in “ Dermatologic Therapy ”

Yuqian Wang, Taoming Liu, Sheng Li, Sha Tang, Pei-Yi Lin, Yu Ding, Qingguo Sun, Dexi Zhu, Jianjun Qiao, Hong Fang

baricitinib alopecia areata minoxidil steroids phototherapy acupuncture herbal medicine folliculitis AA

From the encyclopedia

JAK inhibitor that reduces inflammation and immune attacks on hair follicles, leading to potential hair regrowth, especially in alopecia areata cases

Alopecia Areata →

autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss

Minoxidil →

An essential vasodilator with some anti-androgenic effects

Studysummary This study found that twice-daily oral baricitinib at a 2-mg dose showed promising results in treating refractory alopecia areata, particularly among Chinese patients, with 64% achieving significant hair regrowth, although none attained complete hair regrowth. Adverse events were mild and included nausea and folliculitis.

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Research cited in this study

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research Two Phase 3 Trials of Baricitinib for Alopecia Areata

148 citations , March 2022 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

In two phase 3 trials, this study found that oral baricitinib significantly improved hair regrowth compared to placebo in adults with severe alopecia areata after 36 weeks, though longer trials are needed to ascertain its long-term efficacy and safety.

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This study found that dysregulation of systemic Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines is associated with alopecia areata, with specific cytokines linked to disease activity and treatment response.

Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitor Baricitinib in the Treatment of Adults with Alopecia Areata: Phase 2 Results from a Randomized Controlled Study

research Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitor Baricitinib in the Treatment of Adults with Alopecia Areata: Phase 2 Results from a Randomized Controlled Study

66 citations , June 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this phase 2 study, baricitinib at 2 mg and 4 mg doses significantly improved hair regrowth in adults with alopecia areata and ≥50% scalp hair loss compared to placebo, without new safety concerns, although the small sample size limits the results' generalizability.

research New and Emerging Therapies for Alopecia Areata

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Emerging therapies like JAK inhibitors show promise for hair regrowth in alopecia areata.

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This review discusses the evidence supporting Janus kinase inhibitors for alopecia areata and highlights ongoing optimism as phase 3 trials begin, with no new clinical results reported.

research JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

130 citations , February 2019 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

This study found that JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata showed promising response rates, with 72.4% of 289 cases responding, and oral administration achieving better outcomes than topical treatment, but recurrence occurred when treatment stopped. Further large-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings.

research Alopecia Areata: Overview and Insights from January 2018

290 citations , December 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical evaluation, and pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlights recent advancements, but it does not report new clinical findings.