Autoimmune Cicatricial Alopecia and the Role of Trichoscopy in Its Diagnosis: A Literature Review

Cicatricial alopecia is a complex condition leading to permanent hair loss and is often linked with diseases like lichen planopilaris, sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma, each having distinct trichoscopic features crucial for diagnosis. Trichoscopy, a non-invasive diagnostic tool, is vital for differentiating these conditions and, along with scalp biopsy, confirms the diagnosis. The literature review highlights the role of trichoscopy in diagnosing autoimmune cicatricial alopecia, particularly lichen planopilaris, which is thought to result from a cytotoxic autoimmune response. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are critical for improving outcomes and preventing further health issues.