Treatment of Alopecia Areata With Squaric Acid Dibutylester

In a study involving 18 patients with extensive alopecia areata, 14 completed weekly treatments with squaric acid dibutylester. Four patients (28.5%) experienced complete hair regrowth, though one had recurrent alopecia post-treatment. Ten patients (71.4%) were treatment failures, with seven showing initial hair regrowth but recurrent alopecia, one failing to maintain dermatitis, and two not growing hair despite dermatitis. Successful outcomes were linked to having alopecia for less than two years, developing moderate dermatitis within three weeks, persistent hair growth within two months, and being 16 years or older.