A Holistic Approach to Unravel Keloid Pathogenesis and Optimize Therapeutic Outcomes

This review discusses the role of traditional Chinese medicine and bioactive materials in chronic wound healing and reports no new clinical results.

This source reports that for treating keloids and hypertrophic scars, combination pharmacotherapy targeting multiple sites is generally more effective than using a single drug, though outcomes of individual therapies vary and the development of satisfying treatments is ongoing.

This study reviews evidence that in keloid development, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis not only through the classical Smad-dependent pathway but also via equally important Smad-independent signaling cascades, suggesting these pathways as possible targets for more effective keloid therapies.

This review discusses the natural history, clinical features, and treatment updates for keloids but reports no new clinical findings.

This review examines the histological features of keloid disease, its differentiation from similar skin conditions, and emphasizes gaps in current research while reporting no new clinical findings.