20(S)-Protopanaxadiol-Aglycone Downregulates Full-Length and Ligand-Independent Splice Variants of Androgen Receptor

    April 2011 in “ Cancer Research ”
    Bo Cao, Xichun Liu, Jing Li, Zhenggang Xiong, Thomas Wiese, Helen Cheng, Paul S. Rennie, Lijuan Zhao, Haitao Zhang, Yan Dong
    TLDR 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol-aglycone may help prevent and treat prostate cancer by reducing androgen receptor activity.
    The study provided evidence that ginsenoside 20(S)-protopanaxadiol-aglycone (PPD) effectively downregulated the expression and activity of androgen receptors, including both full-length and ligand-independent splice variants, in prostate cancer cells. This downregulation was achieved through proteasome-mediated degradation and resulted in a reduction of androgen receptor protein and mRNA levels. The study also demonstrated the in vivo preclinical efficacy of PPD in inhibiting the growth of androgen receptor-expressing prostate cancer cells and reducing the expression of prostate-specific antigen. These findings suggested that PPD could be a promising chemopreventive agent for prostate cancer, addressing the limitations of existing treatments like finasteride and dutasteride, particularly in cancers with high levels of ligand-independent androgen receptor variants.
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