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This study found that Ifidancitinib, a JAK1/3 inhibitor, significantly promoted hair regrowth and reduced inflammation in a mouse model of alopecia areata by decreasing pathogenic T cell activity and inducing T cell exhaustion.

In this narrative review, researchers outlined the role of T cells in the autoimmune pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlighted ongoing research into therapeutic pathways, beyond current JAK inhibitors, aimed at developing new treatments for the disease.

This study found that activating hair follicle resident T cells in a human organ culture can induce an alopecia areata-like immune response, and that the drug farudodstat partially reduced this effect.

In this study, the researchers used a human hair follicle model to demonstrate that T cell stimulation can induce an alopecia areata–like phenotype, with cell proliferation and immune privilege collapse; however, the DHODH inhibitor farudodstat partially mitigated these effects by reducing T cell proliferation.

This study suggests that SOCS3 treatment may effectively inhibit alopecia areata by suppressing CD8+ T cell activity and IFN-γ production.