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This review describes various T-cell-mediated alopecias characterized by distinct lymphocytic patterns and explores their pathophysiology. It highlights the role of CD8+ and regulatory T cells, the JAK/STAT pathway, and stem cell niches, contributing to understanding and potentially addressing these hair loss conditions.

In this study using a mouse model and human data, researchers found that CD8+ T cells are central to driving alopecia areata, while regulatory T cells offer some protection, highlighting CD8+ T cells as key targets for future therapy development.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata had significantly lower T cell numbers and reduced lymphocyte responses compared to healthy controls, correlated with hair loss severity and presence of antithyroid antibodies.

This study found that IFN-γ plays a critical role in T cell activation and the pathogenesis of alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice.

Langerhans cells are crucial for skin immunity and allergic reactions.