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In this study, researchers developed a biodegradable microneedle made of hyaluronic acid, intended to enhance drug delivery through the skin's stratum corneum and potentially promote hair growth by overcoming the skin's barrier function in alopecia treatment.

This study found that using an electrical microneedling device enhanced the penetration of liposomal melanin-fluorescein into hair structures and widened the follicular infundibulum in ex vivo human skin models.

This review highlights that transferosomes, or ultradeformable lipids, show promise for improving dermal delivery, exhibiting efficient drug transport across the skin's barrier and offering potential benefits for treating chronic skin disorders with better bioavailability.

This study found that nanostructured lipid carriers with more soybean phosphatidylcholine provided better skin retention and follicular targeting for diphencyprone compared to other formulations and controls.

This study developed lipid nanoparticles for delivering minoxidil and finasteride to the dermis and hair follicles, showing stability and a desired prolonged release, though with low skin penetration levels.

This study found that microneedling combined with calcipotriol plus betamethasone was more effective in treating vitiligo than microneedling with tacrolimus, particularly in difficult-to-treat areas.

This study concluded that current cross-sex hormone treatments for trans men and trans women are effective with a low risk of side effects in the short term, though they did observe specific clinical changes.

This study found that formulating raloxifene in nano-lipid carriers significantly enhanced its permeation and cytotoxicity against cancer cells compared to raw raloxifene.

This study found that co-drugs synthesized from hydroquinone and tranexamic acid improved skin targeting and deposition, with reduced irritation and enhanced efficacy for treating hyperpigmentation.

This review discusses recent advances in skin penetration mechanisms, specifically focusing on the enhanced understanding of the follicular pathway and its implications for transdermal therapies, immune system targeting, and nanoparticle safety.

This article reviewed the preparation, application, and characterization of ethosomes as drug delivery transporters and reported that in a double-blind randomized clinical study, ethosomal acyclovir significantly improved all evaluated parameters in skin delivery, highlighting potential for novel therapies.

This review discusses the potential of nanocarriers to enhance transdermal drug delivery and the combination of these carriers with physical methods, but it reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the potential of lecithin organogels for improving topical drug delivery and presents no new experimental results; the authors highlight their stability and low skin irritancy as advantages.

This study found that using monoolein cubic phase nanoparticles with an entrapped hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin/minoxidil complex increased minoxidil skin permeation, but minoxidil retention in the skin was higher with a traditional solution.

This study observed that DDAIP-HCl enhanced the permeation of minoxidil through human cadaver skin, suggesting potential for improved treatment efficacy in male pattern hair loss.

This review highlights the need for methodologies to understand and quantify drug penetration into hair follicles as significant drug pathways, noting this area lacks comprehensive articles and reports no new results.

This review discusses the challenges of traditional phytochemical delivery methods and highlights the potential of microneedles to improve intra/transdermal delivery, reporting no new clinical results.

This review discusses the potential of follicular drug delivery systems to target the pilosebaceous unit and reports no new research findings.

This article discusses the potential of novel microneedle transdermal systems for enhanced drug and vaccine delivery through the skin, but reports no clinical results and emphasizes ongoing trials.

This review discusses therapeutic deep eutectic solvents as promising "green" solutions for enhancing drug solubility and delivery through the skin, reporting no new clinical results and highlighting future research directions.

The research observed that 40-nm self-assembled nanoparticles enhanced minoxidil penetration in hairy guinea pig skin compared to 130-nm nanoparticles, but this size effect was absent in hairless skin.

This review discusses various nanoparticles used to enhance skin permeation and target delivery to skin organelles, but reports no new experimental results.

This study found that nonionic liposomes were the most effective vehicle for delivering reporter genes into the skin of rat pups, compared to other liposome and nonliposome formulations.

In this study, researchers found that chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticles improved the iontophoretic transdermal delivery of the positively charged hydrophilic drug donepezil hydrochloride in an ex vivo rat skin model, achieving 2.2 times higher skin accumulation compared to non-coated nanoparticles.

In this study, lecithin/n-propanol/isopropyl myristate/water/tetracaine hydrochloride microemulsion was found to be a safe carrier for transdermal drug delivery in animal models, with analgesic effects on Wistar rats.

This review summarizes the use of 3D printing technologies for creating microneedles and evaluates their associated benefits, challenges, and regulatory considerations, but does not present new experimental results.

The researchers developed semi-dissolving microneedle patches using TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose nanofibers, which allow effective transdermal drug delivery by forming micro-channels for large drug quantities, overcoming traditional microneedles' low drug loading.

PEVs effectively deliver minoxidil through skin.

This review discusses the potential of microneedle arrays for drug delivery and in the cosmetic market, but reports no new clinical results; factors for commercial therapeutic use are explored.

This study found that the HPCH-based formulation P-08–016 may facilitate finasteride deposition in the dermis, potentially offering an alternative to systemic therapy by minimizing systemic absorption.