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This study found that ion-paired solutions significantly improved the skin penetration of risedronate in hairless mice compared to risedronate alone.

This study found that using drug microplates in transdermal finasteride films enhances aqueous solubility and skin permeation compared to films with pure finasteride.

This study reported that a magneto-responsive transdermal microneedle system delivered Minoxidil effectively and significantly increased hair density by 800% in mice with androgenetic alopecia after 10 days.

This review highlights that the combination of ultrasound and microneedles can enhance transdermal drug delivery by using physical and energy-driven mechanisms to improve drug penetration into deeper skin layers, with implications for precision medicine and chronic disease treatments.

This review discusses advancements in the use of microneedle arrays and nanoparticles for transdermal delivery of therapeutics, noting challenges in overcoming the skin barrier and summarizing recent clinical trial achievements in areas like cancer therapy and gene therapy.

This review highlights the promising potential of microemulsions and nanoemulsions in (trans)dermal drug delivery, noting a gap in understanding their distinct mechanisms and composition-related effects on skin permeability, while emphasizing the limited clarity on mesostructures and cosolvent impacts.

This review examines ethosomal structures and their mechanisms as skin delivery systems, outlining preparation methods and applications but presents no new experimental findings.

This review discusses the integration of nanoparticles with microneedles to improve drug delivery through enhanced stability, bioavailability, and controlled release, noting ongoing challenges with stability, scalability, and safety.

This study evaluated a menthol-based microemulsion for transdermal delivery of finasteride and silodosin, finding that it enhanced skin permeation and flux compared to aqueous solutions, suggesting a promising method for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This study found that a 5-mg daily dose of transdermal testosterone cream in postmenopausal women restored testosterone levels to those typical of premenopausal women.

This study demonstrated that hair follicles significantly expedite the absorption of caffeine through the skin compared to interfollicular pathways.

This review summarizes current knowledge on tight junctions in mammalian skin and their role in drug delivery and interaction with other barrier components, but reports no new experimental results.

This study found that the pH-sensitive hydrogel HECHA13, containing isoliquiritigenin, effectively inhibited the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and showed promise for transdermal delivery in acne treatment.

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

This review highlights how advanced nanocarrier and microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery strategies can potentially improve the treatment of skin diseases by enhancing site-specific drug delivery, increasing skin penetration, and reducing systemic toxicity compared to conventional methods.

This study reviews recent advancements in microneedles made from PLGA, highlighting their use in delivering vaccines, drugs, and proteins through the skin with minimal invasiveness, and discusses the challenges and future potential of these delivery systems.

This review discusses the development and applications of microneedles, particularly through 3D printing, highlighting their potential in transdermal drug delivery but reporting no new results.

This article explains the preparation methods and applications for various vesicle and particle systems used in transdermal drug delivery, highlighting their effectiveness and potential for further development in this field.

In this study, researchers developed a new self-administered finasteride delivery system using powder-carrying microneedles that improved hair growth efficacy and addressed safety concerns compared to topical finasteride gel by allowing sustained intradermal release of the drug for three days with a single application.

This review discusses the use of derma rollers for cosmetic purposes and their potential in transdermal drug delivery by summarizing evidence on their design, efficacy, safety, and concerns from preclinical and clinical reports.

This study found that invasomes enhanced the iontophoretic transdermal delivery of finasteride in rabbits, increasing AUC and T1/2 compared to oral suspension.

This study found that dual-frequency ultrasound with microbubble cavitation significantly enhanced minoxidil delivery and hair growth in both lab and animal models compared to single-frequency ultrasound, without damaging the skin in mice.

This study found that a transdermal delivery system using 3% azone and P407 gel may enhance the skin permeation of doxazosin and finasteride for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This article reviews the promising ease of drug administration via transdermal and other topical routes, highlighting their potential for high patient compliance and reduced side effects but provides no new clinical results.

This study found that the BP-3 extract from Boesenbergia rotunda, rich in panduratin A, demonstrated strong anti-adipogenesis and lipolysis effects on preadipocyte cells at non-toxic concentrations, and when formulated into a serum reduced thigh circumference and improved skin firmness in a human trial.

This study investigated the integration of crystal engineering and microneedle technology for androgenetic alopecia treatment, finding that microneedles loaded with newly developed Kopexil multicomponent crystals reduced drug diffusion rates in vitro compared to standard formulations.

This review discusses various nanoparticles and nanoemulsions being investigated for transdermal drug delivery and reports no clinical results; it highlights potential applications in treating alopecia, wound healing, psoriasis, and melanoma.

This study reported that microparticle-loaded emulsions containing caffeic acid achieved more homogeneous distribution and prolonged release in hair follicles, suggesting potential for effective folliculitis treatment.

This review examines microneedle patches for drug delivery, detailing their designs, materials, manufacturing methods, and potential advantages, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for dermatological applications, outlining their structural and formulation advancements, but reports no new clinical results and calls for further research on their therapeutic potential.