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TNFα helps grow and maintain liver cells in 3D culture for a long time.

This study found that keratin 17 and TNFα play interdependent roles in regulating hair follicle cycling, with TNFα required for the anagen–catagen transition and its ablation partially rescuing hair cycling defects in K17-null mice.

This study reported that transgenic mice with targeted TNF alpha expression in keratinocytes showed impaired weight gain, retarded hair growth, and skin changes, leading to cachexia and necrosis.

This study found that overexpression of PKCα in mouse epidermis increases expression of specific proinflammatory mediators and induces inflammation but does not significantly affect epidermal differentiation, proliferation, or tumor promotion with TPA.

This study shows that macrophage-induced TNF signaling can activate hair follicle stem cells and promote new hair follicle formation after wounding by regulating AKT/β-catenin pathways.

This review discusses recent discoveries about the role of Eda and other TNF-related cytokines in skin appendage development and reports no new experimental results, highlighting developments since the last comprehensive summary in 2003.

This study found that the enzyme A20 helps regulate EDAR-induced NF-κB signaling in mice, preventing ectodermal abnormalities like disheveled hair and assuring proper skin and appendage development.

This study found that hinokitiol effectively suppressed TNF-α production in activated macrophage-like cells, suggesting it may help alleviate hair loss by mitigating factors that promote follicular apoptosis.

This study found that hair shaft miniaturization in aging and genetic hypotrichosis leads to hair follicle stem cell loss through mechanical compression and apoptosis mediated by the Piezo1 channel.

This study describes tumor necrosis factor inhibitor-associated psoriatic alopecia, highlighting the distinctive histologic feature of sebaceous lobule atrophy, which is potentially reversible and helps differentiate it from idiopathic psoriatic alopecia.

In this study, researchers found that deleting TNFα in PKCε transgenic mice reduced the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas induced by UV radiation or a chemical protocol.

This study describes a distinctive hair loss pattern with features of psoriasis and alopecia areata linked to TNF-α inhibitors, noting various management options despite the lack of consensus guidelines.

This review discusses the bidirectional interactions between human mast cells and CD8 T cells in the skin, particularly in the context of disorders like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and vitiligo, and reports no new findings.

This meta-analysis found that alopecia areata patients had significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to healthy subjects, indicating a potential role of these cytokines in the condition's pathogenesis.

This study found no increased frequency of the TNF2 allele in Mexican patients with adverse cutaneous drug reactions mediated by delayed hypersensitivity, suggesting its lower relevance compared to findings in Caucasian populations.

This study found that human placenta hydrolysate effectively inhibited atopic dermatitis development in stimulated human cells and a mouse model, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for related skin diseases.

This case study described a 17-year-old with paradoxical psoriasis and ulcerative colitis, triggered by TNF-α inhibitor therapy, who experienced clinical improvement and hair regrowth after switching to ustekinumab, which the authors note aligns with existing data on its effectiveness for these conditions.

In this study, oral contraceptive use in women with PCOS increased the expression of certain inflammatory gene markers, which were positively associated with metabolic abnormalities.

This article discusses adverse immune-mediated skin reactions associated with TNF-alpha inhibitors, highlighting paradoxical reactions such as psoriasis that occur despite being treated with medications intended to alleviate the condition.

This case report suggests that starting selective Janus kinase 1 inhibition may improve alopecia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who was not responding to TNF-α inhibitor therapy and corticosteroids.

This study found that Centipeda minima and brevilin A significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in human dermal fibroblasts, suggesting their potential to protect against skin aging and inflammation.

This study found that psoriatic skin lesions commonly express the cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha along with a moderate presence of the antimicrobial protein defensin.

This study evaluated the effects of exosome therapy from hypoxia-treated mesenchymal stem cells on a fluconazole-induced alopecia model in rats and found that it significantly reduced TNF-α and increased VEGF levels, suggesting potential as a novel regenerative treatment for alopecia.

In this study, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome were found to have significantly higher blood levels of DHEA, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to healthy controls.

In this study, women with polycystic ovary syndrome showed significantly higher levels of DHEA, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to healthy controls, indicating a possible link between these biomarkers and PCOS.

This study observed that among male patients who experienced telogen effluvium after platelet-rich plasma treatment for androgenic alopecia, there were elevated levels of TNF-α, androgen receptors, and altered 5α-reductase gene expression, suggesting these factors as potential contributors to this unintended outcome.

This study concluded that TNFRSF1B is a potential pathogenic factor in androgenetic alopecia, suggesting it as a novel therapeutic target.

In this study, Indonesian spices were screened in silico for their potential to inhibit MMP9 and TNFα, which are involved in chronic diabetic wounds, and procyanidin was identified as the most promising therapeutic candidate due to its low binding energy to both proteins.

In this case-control study, the researchers found no significant association between IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms and alopecia areata susceptibility among the Egyptian population.

This study found that IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms do not have a significant association with alopecia areata susceptibility in the Egyptian population.