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This study used a probabilistic Boolean network model to explore hair follicle cell fate regulation and predicted that varying TGF-β levels, in coordination with BMP and TNF, can influence either apoptosis or cell proliferation during different follicle growth stages.

This article discusses the concept of telogen effluvium, introduced in 1961, characterized by diffuse scalp hair loss due to various triggers, and reports no new clinical findings.

In this study, injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) was found to enhance the proliferative, migratory, and hair-inducing abilities of dermal papilla cells more effectively than platelet-rich plasma through the TGF-β/Smad pathway.

This study found that the microRNAs oar-miR-23b and oar-miR-133 inhibit the proliferation and migration of sheep dermal fibroblasts, impacting the development of hair follicles in superfine wool sheep by targeting the genes TGFβ2 and NOTCH1.

This study found that hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells improved liver function and pathology in a mouse model of liver cirrhosis, potentially by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway and reducing hepatic stellate cell activation.

In this study, researchers observed that the skin quality and hair follicle development of Rex rabbits improved when slaughtered in winter compared to summer, with findings suggesting seasonal regulation via multiple signaling pathways affecting fur characteristics.

This study suggests that TGF-β receptor 1 may play a role in deer antler skin cell differentiation and dermis fibroblasts' rapid proliferation, potentially aiding the alignment of skin and cartilage growth rates in sika deer antlers.

This study reviews evidence that in keloid development, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis not only through the classical Smad-dependent pathway but also via equally important Smad-independent signaling cascades, suggesting these pathways as possible targets for more effective keloid therapies.

This study found that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in secondary hair follicle-derived dermal papilla cells from cashmere goats, likely via the TGF-β2/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

This study reported that Cosmos caudatus extract alone may therapeutically modulate the AR–FGF-2 axis in a BPH rat model, comparable to finasteride, but combining them disrupted pathway regulation, increasing TGF-β levels.

This study discovered that exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can mitigate damage in dermal papilla cells by modulating the TGF-β1/SMAD2 signaling pathway through miRNAs miR-574-3p and miR-125a-5p, revealing potential therapeutic targets for androgenetic alopecia.

This animal study found that YH0618 may alleviate doxorubicin-induced alopecia and affects proteins like keratin and Smad3, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. The researchers analyzed protein expression changes to understand YH0618's effects in treating chemotherapy-related hair loss.

This study found that two microRNAs, oar-miR-23b and oar-miR-133, inhibit the development of hair follicles in superfine wool sheep by targeting genes involved in key signaling pathways, suggesting their potential use as molecular markers for breeding fine wool sheep.

This study found that the dermal sheath smooth muscle regulates hair follicle progenitor cell death during hair regression through mechanical signaling of the TGF-β pathway.

This study indicates that a helminth-derived protein, TGF-β mimic, may accelerate wound healing and promote regenerative processes in skin tissue by interacting with TGF-β receptors.

In this study, a TGF-β mimic molecule from Heligmosomoides polygyrus was observed to enhance wound healing in mice, with improved tissue regeneration and specific immune cell recruitment without increased scarring.

This study found that exosomes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells significantly promote cutaneous wound healing in rats by modulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

This study in mice suggests that defects in hair follicles with mesenchymal TSC2 disruption may result from an impaired TGFβ1 response, indicating a potential novel treatment approach for tuberous sclerosis complex.

In this study, individuals with androgenetic alopecia showed higher serum levels of oxidative stress markers and lower levels of antioxidants, indicating disrupted redox balance and suggesting oxidative stress may accelerate hair loss.

This study found that Endoglin is crucial for proper hair follicle cycling and the activation of hair follicle stem cell niches, based on its role in the feedback crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and Bmp/Smad signals.

This study found that in androgenetic alopecia patients, there is enhanced expression of type 2 TGF-β and type II receptors in hair follicles, suggesting a link to hair growth cycle changes.

In this study, transgenic mice with a truncated latent transforming growth factor-beta-binding protein showed reduced keratinocyte proliferation and alterations in the hair cycle due to mis-localization of transforming growth factor-beta.

TGF-β is found in hair follicles and may cause hair loss in alopecia areata.

ROS may affect hair loss related to hormones.

This review discusses how targeting TGF-β with specific inhibitors, including components from Traditional Chinese Medicine, may help reduce liver fibrosis by acting through various signaling pathways.

This study introduces stem cell activity as a key factor influencing the effects of IFN-γ and TGF-β1 on autoimmune disease dynamics, showing that varying cytokine levels can modulate stem cell activity and immune privilege, impacting tissue regeneration and disease flares.

In this study, researchers found that hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cells, modified to overexpress extracellular matrix protein 1, significantly improved liver function and reduced liver damage in cirrhotic mice by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation and TGF-β/Smad signaling.

In this study, SIRT1-modified human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reduced peritoneal fibrosis in a rodent model, suggesting potential as a treatment strategy for peritoneal dialysis-induced damage.

This review discusses the development, lineages, functions, and roles of fibroblasts in fibrosis across four organs, highlighting their capabilities in tissue repair and contributions to fibrotic disorders when aberrantly activated, but it reports no new experimental findings.

This review discusses the roles of key developmental signaling pathways in mammalian skin repair compared to skin development, and suggests these insights could lead to better wound healing therapies, but it reports no new findings.