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A mix of Polygonatum sibiricum and Nelumbinis semen may ease menopause symptoms with fewer side effects.

Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.

Conditions affecting sex development show that sexual diversity is a natural part of human variation.

A man with both Klinefelter syndrome and primary hyperparathyroidism showed a rare combination of symptoms and genetic patterns.

A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease where T cells attack hair follicles.

DGAT1 enzyme helps make diacylglycerols, waxes, and retinyl esters.

Researchers created a mouse with the same mutation as humans with trichothiodystrophy, showing similar symptoms and confirming the condition is due to defects in DNA repair and gene activity.

The nail matrix has a reduced immune response, protecting it from autoimmunity.

Hyaluronate fragments can help reverse skin thinning by working with the CD44 receptor.

The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.

Ectodysplasin inhibits Wnt signaling to help form hair follicles.

Alopecia areata is caused by immune system attacks on hair follicles, often triggered by viral infections.

Losing weight, fixing varicoceles, and using advanced sperm selection methods improve male infertility treatment outcomes.

Certain immune cells in the skin release a protein that stops hair growth by keeping hair stem cells inactive.

Metabolic signals and cell shape influence how cells develop and change.

The transgene likely activated an oncogene or interrupted a tumor suppressor gene, causing melanoma in mice.

Epidermal stem cells don't use gap junctions to communicate.

The review suggests that while many AKR1C3 inhibitors show promise for treating certain cancers, more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness in humans.

GPRC5D is linked to the formation of hair, nails, and certain tongue areas.

Increased FGFR2b signaling, influenced by androgens, plays a role in causing acne.

Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.

Two enzymes regulate androgen receptor activity, affecting treatments for androgen insufficiency and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The review suggests that other immune cells besides CD8+ T cells may contribute to alopecia areata and that targeting regulatory cell defects could improve treatment.

Stem Cell Educator therapy helps regrow hair and improve life quality in alopecia areata patients.

Circadian clock genes are important for hair growth and may affect aging-related hair loss and graying.

Low androgen levels might delay prostate cancer but could lead to more aggressive, therapy-resistant cancers.

Jarjeer has potential health benefits and may aid hair growth, but effects on humans are uncertain.

New treatments are needed for PCOS that target its genetic, hormonal, and metabolic causes.

THSG from a Chinese plant helps with aging and related diseases.